{"id":1559,"date":"2024-02-09T09:45:00","date_gmt":"2024-02-09T07:45:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.nutrific.ro\/blog\/?p=1559"},"modified":"2024-02-09T09:45:01","modified_gmt":"2024-02-09T07:45:01","slug":"ce-nu-stiai-despre-sindromul-de-colon-iritabil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.nutrific.ro\/blog\/ce-nu-stiai-despre-sindromul-de-colon-iritabil\/","title":{"rendered":"Ce nu \u0219tiai despre sindromul de colon iritabil"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Sindromul de colon iritabil<\/strong> sau sindromul intestinului iritabil<\/strong> nu este catalogat ca o boal\u0103, ci mai degrab\u0103 este definit ca form\u0103 a unui grup de simptome<\/strong> care apar concomitent, simptome exprimate prin disconfort abdominal cronic<\/strong> sau recurent, modific\u0103ri ale tranzitului intestinal<\/strong>, balonare, toate petrec\u00e2ndu-se \u00een lipsa unor anomalii structurale sau biochimice. Cauzele<\/strong> sale \u00eenc\u0103 se reg\u0103sesc sub lupa cercet\u0103torilor, fiind pu\u021bin \u00een\u021belese p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een momentul de fa\u021b\u0103. Realitatea este c\u0103 aceast\u0103 tulburare gastrointestinal\u0103 func\u021bional\u0103<\/strong> pare a fi str\u00e2ns legat\u0103 de latura emo\u021bional\u0103<\/strong>, fiind sever influen\u021bat\u0103 de stres<\/strong> \u0219i anxietate<\/strong>. Prin caracterul s\u0103u cronic \u0219i din cauza simptomelor deranjante, sindromul de intestin iritabil<\/strong> poate afecta sever calitatea vie\u021bii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cen r\u00e2ndurile urm\u0103toare, ne-am propus s\u0103 prezent\u0103m succint – plec\u00e2nd de la concluziile la care au ajuns cercet\u0103torii \u0219i medicii care au studiat acest subiect \u2013 care este procesul de diagnosticare<\/strong> al sindromul de colon iritabil, care sunt simptomele<\/strong>, cauzele\/factorii declan\u0219atori<\/strong>, remediile<\/strong> \u0219i recomand\u0103rile din partea speciali\u0219tilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

\u201dTerminologia medical\u0103 nume\u0219te sindromul intestinului iritabil o tulburare func\u021bional\u0103. Func\u021bional se refer\u0103 la o afec\u021biune \u00een care simptomele nu sunt explicabile prin anomalii anatomice, patologice, biochimice sau prin infec\u021bie.\u201d<\/em> (C\u00e2nd corpul spune nu. Costul stresului ascuns\/Gabor Mate)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cum este caracterizat, pe scurt, sindromul de intestin iritabil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Considerat a fi o condi\u021bie complex\u0103<\/strong>, sindromul de intestin iritabil<\/strong> este caracterizat ca fiind o tulburare a \u201dcreierului intestinal\u201d, asociat cu alterarea proceselor fiziologice<\/strong> de la nivel intestinal<\/strong>, cu hipersensibilitate visceral\u0103<\/strong>, modific\u0103ri semnalate la nivelul mucoasei intestinale<\/strong> \u0219i deteriorarea imunit\u0103\u021bii<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Statisticile au remarcat c\u0103 \u00een Statele Unite peste 4,5 milioane de adul\u021bi<\/strong> sufer\u0103 din pricina acestei condi\u021bii, femeile fiind de dou\u0103 ori mai afectate dec\u00e2t b\u0103rba\u021bii. Acelea\u0219i statistici remarc\u0103 faptul c\u0103 sindromul de intestin iritabil<\/strong> este diagnosticat, de obicei, \u00eenaintea v\u00e2rstei de 50 de ani fiind mai frecvent la persoanele cu un nivel socio-economic mai sc\u0103zut. \u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"sindromul<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Care sunt principalele simptome  \u0219i cum este pus diagnosticul de sindrom de colon iritabil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sindromul colonului iritabil<\/strong> poate fi destul de greu de diagnosticat<\/strong>. Pentru a stabili un verdict corect, clinicianul trebuie s\u0103 efectueze un examen fizic complet<\/strong> \u0219i s\u0103 se bazeze pe un istoric medical am\u0103nun\u021bit<\/strong>. Se spune c\u0103 \u201danamneza este piatra de temelie pentru diagnosticul de intestin iritabil, informa\u021biile colectate fiind fundamentale pentru a decide atunci c\u00e2nd un pacient are nevoie de investiga\u021bii suplimentare sau c\u00e2nd acesta ar trebui s\u0103 fie trimis la un specialist\u201d <\/em>(Importan\u021ba algoritmului de diagnostic al sindromului de intestin iritabil \u00een practica clinic\u0103). De cele mai multe ori, diagnosticul este pus prin excludere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Diagnosticul<\/strong> se apropie de cel de sindrom de colon iritabil<\/strong> atunci c\u00e2nd persoana care sufer\u0103 (copil sau adult) are dureri abdominale<\/strong> sau disconfort abdominal<\/strong> cel pu\u021bin o dat\u0103 pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103,  timp de cel pu\u021bin dou\u0103 luni, f\u0103r\u0103 a prezenta alte afec\u021biuni sau leziuni care pot traduce durerea. \u00cen caz de sindrom de colon iritabil<\/strong>, disconfortul abdominal<\/strong> este \u00eenso\u021bit de schimb\u0103ri ale frecven\u021bei \u0219i consisten\u021bei scaunului<\/strong>. Tocmai acest lucru este cel care clasific\u0103 sindromul de intestin iritabil \u00een patru subtipuri<\/strong> (acestea influen\u021beaz\u0103 \u0219i alegerea remediilor corespunz\u0103toare):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  1. Sindrom de colon iritabil cu constipa\u021bie<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Sindrom de colon iritabil cu diaree<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Sindrom de colon iritabil mixt<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. Sindrom de colon iritabil f\u0103r\u0103 subtip<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    Acestor semne sau simptome care stau la baza diagnostic\u0103rii li se al\u0103tur\u0103 evacuarea incomplet\u0103 a intestinului<\/strong>, distensia abdominal\u0103<\/strong>, secre\u021bia rectal\u0103 de mucus <\/strong>sau simptome extradigestive<\/strong>. Simptomatologia nu este doar variat\u0103, ci \u0219i fluctuant\u0103 de-a lungul timpului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

    \u201dDe\u0219i durerea abdominal\u0103 este o caracteristic\u0103 proeminent\u0103 a sindromului de colon iritabil, prin defini\u021bia actual\u0103 a bolii, durerea \u00een sine nu este suficient\u0103 pentru diagnosticare. Se consider\u0103 c\u0103 o persoan\u0103 are sindrom de intestin iritabil dac\u0103, \u00een absen\u021ba altor patologii, sufer\u0103 de dureri abdominale, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu tulbur\u0103ri ale func\u021biei intestinale, cum ar fi diareea sau constipa\u021bia. Simptomele variaz\u0103 de la o persoan\u0103 la alta sau chiar la aceea\u0219i persoan\u0103 de la un episod la altul. (…) Se pare c\u0103 sindromul intestinului iritabil afecteaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 17% din popula\u021bia lumii industrializate \u0219i este cauza cea mai frecvent\u0103 pentru care pacien\u021bii sunt trimi\u0219i la gastroenterologi.\u201d<\/em> (C\u00e2nd corpul spune nu. Costul stresului ascuns\/Gabor Mate)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    Exist\u0103 situa\u021bii \u00een care simptomele sindromului de colon iritabil<\/strong> se suprapun sau se manifest\u0103 \u00een paralel cu simptomele altor afec\u021biuni gastrointestinale<\/strong>, cum ar fi constipa\u021bia cronic\u0103, boala celiac\u0103, refluxul gastroesofagian, sindromul de oboseal\u0103 cronic\u0103, fibromialgia, afec\u021biuni psihologice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pentru a se stabili un diagnostic<\/strong> precis, deseori se recurge la investiga\u021bii facultative<\/strong> care au rolul de a elimina suspiciunea existen\u021bei unei anumite boli organice. Astfel, medicul poate sugera teste de laborator uzuale<\/strong> (hemoleucogram\u0103 \u2013 pentru excluderea anemiei sau a leucocitozei; fibrinogen, VSH, proteina C reactiv\u0103), teste ale func\u021biei tiroidiene, examen de urin\u0103, examen coproparazitologic \u0219i coprocultur\u0103. Se pot recomanda colonoscopia \u0219i sigmoidoscopia, ecografia abdominal\u0103, teste de malabsorb\u021bie, markeri fecali (care pot identifica inflama\u021bia mucoasei intestinale), markeri pentru boala celiac\u0103, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

    \u201dO aten\u021bie special\u0103 trebuie acordat\u0103 persoanelor de sex feminin ce se prezint\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 cu simptome de intestin iritabil, fiind necesar\u0103 excluderea unei neoplazii \u00een sfera genital\u0103 (\u00een special cancerul ovarian). De asemenea, este necesar\u0103 investigarea suplimentar\u0103, \u00een special prin examen colonoscopic, a pacien\u021bilor ce se prezint\u0103 cu simptome de intestin iritabil la v\u00e2rste de peste 50 de ani, deoarece simptomatologia poate ascunde un cancer colorectal.\u201d<\/em> (Importan\u021ba algoritmului de diagnostic al sindromului de intestin iritabil \u00een practica clinic\u0103 \/ publica\u021bia Practica Medical\u0103\/Romanian Journal of Medical Practice)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    Poate stresul s\u0103 influen\u021beze sindromul intestinului iritabil?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Medicul Lin Chang, profesor universitar la UCLA Medical School \u0219i co-director al UCLA\/CURE Neurenteric Disease Program a rezumat astfel \u00een\u021belegerea actual\u0103 a sindromului de intestin iritabil: \u201dat\u00e2t factorii de stres externi, c\u00e2t \u0219i cei interni contribuie la dezvoltarea sindromului de intestin iritabil. Printre stresorii externi se num\u0103r\u0103 \u0219i abuzul \u00een copil\u0103rie \u0219i al\u021bi factori de stres patologic care altereaz\u0103 capacitatea de r\u0103spuns la stres \u0219i fac ca o persoan\u0103 predispus\u0103 s\u0103 fie mai vulnerabil\u0103 \u00een a dezvolta sindrom de intestin iritabil. Mai t\u00e2rziu \u00een via\u021b\u0103, infec\u021biile, opera\u021biile chirurgicale, antibioticele \u0219i stresorii psihosociali pot s\u0103 contribuie la instalarea \u0219i agravarea sindromului de intestin iritabil.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00cen binecunoscuta sa lucrare \u201d C\u00e2nd corpul spune nu. Costul stresului ascuns\u201d<\/em>, dr. Gabor Mate dedic\u0103 un \u00eentreg capitol (cap. 11 \u2013 Totul e \u00een mintea ei<\/em>) sindromului de intestin iritabil, argument\u00e2ndu-\u0219i opinii cu exemple ale unor persoane care au trecut prin dificult\u0103\u021bi cauzate de aceast\u0103 tulburare func\u021bional\u0103, dar \u0219i prin studii care au la baz\u0103 ideea c\u0103 \u201d\u00een cazul durerii abdominale func\u021bionale, mesajele fiziologice din intestin sunt transmise de sistemul nervos \u0219i sunt receptate de creier modificat.\u201d<\/em> Exist\u0103 studii de dat\u0103 recent\u0103 care au determinat c\u0103 exist\u0103 un istoric de abuz (ce reprezint\u0103 un stres major, se \u00een\u021belege) \u00een cazul persoanelor cu tulbur\u0103ri intestinale, mai ales \u00een cazul pacien\u021bilor cu sindrom de intestin iritabil sau cu alte tulbur\u0103ri func\u021bionale.<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
    \"sindromul<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    ***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

    \u201dStresul afecteaz\u0103 toate aparatele \u0219i sistemele din organism, inclusiv tractul gastrointestinal \u2013 nu e de mirare c\u0103 persoanele care sufer\u0103 de anxietate se pl\u00e2ng frecvent \u0219i de afec\u021biuni la acest nivel. C\u00e2nd suntem stresa\u021bi, speria\u021bi sau nelini\u0219ti\u021bi, corpul nostru nu poate digera corespunz\u0103tor m\u00e2ncarea \u0219i poate ajunge fie s\u0103 o \u021bin\u0103 prea mult \u00een sistemul digestiv \u2013 rezultatul fiind constipa\u021bia -, fie s\u0103 o elimine prea repede \u2013 rezultatul fiind sindromul de colon iritabil sau diareea. Stresul ne afecteaz\u0103 alegerile alimentare \u0219i microbiomul intestinal, care comunic\u0103 \u00een mod constant cu creierul. Ca urmare, organismul este lipsit de diverse substan\u021be nutritive esen\u021biale \u2013 fie din cauz\u0103 c\u0103 nu descompune suficient de repede m\u00e2ncarea pe care o ingerezi, fie pentru c\u0103 o elimin\u0103 \u00eenainte de a fi \u00eenceput s-o proceseze. C\u00e2nd aparatul digestiv nu func\u021bioneaz\u0103 bine, ne \u00eemboln\u0103vim din ce \u00een ce mai tare \u00een tot corpul.\u201d<\/em> (Cum s\u0103-\u021bi transformi via\u021ba, Nicole LePerra)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    Cele mai importante remedii \u00een caz de sindrom de colon iritabil<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Obiectivul major al instaur\u0103rii a unei scheme de tratament<\/strong> este acela de a restabili ritmul de via\u021b\u0103 normal. Aceast\u0103 schem\u0103 de tratament cuprinde, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd, o diet\u0103 adecvat\u0103<\/strong>, modific\u0103ri semnificative ale stilului de via\u021b\u0103<\/strong>, folosirea suplimentelor alimentare necesare<\/strong> \u0219i potrivite (\u00een special probiotice<\/strong>), psihoterapie<\/strong> sau consiliere<\/strong> dac\u0103 este necesar (chiar hipnoterapie direc\u021bionat\u0103 intestinal <\/strong>pentru cazurile cu simptome severe), toate acestea fiind importante pentru reducerea frecven\u021bei \u0219i simptomelor sindromului de intestin iritabil<\/strong>. Bine\u00een\u021beles, se vor evita factorii declan\u0219atori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    E bine de \u0219tiut c\u0103 gr\u0103simile esen\u021biale<\/strong> \u0219i aminoacidul glutamin\u0103 au rolul de a calma inflama\u021bia intestinal\u0103. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, antioxidan\u021bii vor ajuta organismul s\u0103 se detoxifice, iar aportul de vitamine \u0219i minerale vor ajuta tubul digestiv s\u0103 func\u021bioneze normal.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00cen caz de sindrom de colon iritabil<\/strong>, se recomand\u0103 vehement renun\u021barea la alimentele intens procesate, pr\u0103jite, cu adaos de cafein\u0103, zah\u0103r, renun\u021barea la alcool \u0219i b\u0103uturi carbogazoase. Mesele for fi moderate cantitativ (regula ar fi \u201dpu\u021bin \u0219i des\u201d), nu se va m\u00e2nca \u00eenainte de culcare, iar alimentele se vor mesteca foarte bine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Pe lista de alimente<\/strong> care ar trebui s\u0103 se reg\u0103seasc\u0103 \u00een planul alimentar al persoanelor care sufer\u0103 de sindrom de colon iritabil<\/strong> se num\u0103r\u0103: carnea slab\u0103 (pe\u0219te, pui, vit\u0103), legume verzi (crude sau g\u0103tite), ou\u0103 (fierte tari sau ochiuri rom\u00e2ne\u0219ti), fulgi de ov\u0103z, br\u00e2nz\u0103 uscat\u0103, supe de legume\/carne, iaurt\/lapte b\u0103tut\/chefir, fructe (prune, caise, banane, smochine, curmale), ceaiuri de plante (cu efecte laxative, la nevoie). De asemenea, hidratarea ajut\u0103 foarte mult la reglarea digestiei, la fel \u0219i exerci\u021biile fizice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    De re\u021binut: regimul alimentar va fi unul personalizat<\/strong>, \u00een func\u021bie de simptomele prezentate de fiecare persoan\u0103 \u00een parte. La fel \u0219i medica\u021bia, se va plia pe simptomatologia specific\u0103. De regul\u0103, se prescriu antispastice, medicamente care vor reduce meteorismul abdominal \u0219i care vor diminua diareea sau constipa\u021bia.<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
    \"sindrom<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    Iat\u0103 4 suplimente alimentare Nutrific<\/strong> ce pot fi utilizate \u00een caz de sindrom de intestin iritabil:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Senna \u2013 laxativ natural<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 de mii de ani, frunzele de Senna (Cassia angustifolia) sunt folosite pentru tratamentul pe termen scurt al constipa\u021biei, fiind recomandat\u0103 \u0219i pentru ameliorarea simptomelor sindromului de colon iritabil.<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
    \"senna<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    Probiotic Formula<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 cu efect pozitiv asupra florei intestinale. \u00cen urma studiilor s-a calculat c\u0103 aproape jum\u0103tate din persoanele diagnosticate cu sindromul colonului iritabil prezint\u0103 un dezechilibru de bacterii \u0219i, prin urmare, vor avea beneficii folosind probioticele.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    C\u0103rbune activ Formula Pro<\/strong><\/a> \u2013 poate fi de folos la diminuarea meteorismului intestinal \u00een caz de sindrom de colon iritabil (cu predominan\u021ba diareei). Este un supliment care ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 eficient \u00een reducerea balon\u0103rii prin absorb\u021bia gazelor intestinale.<\/p>\n\n\n

    \n
    \"c\u0103rbune<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

    P\u0103stur\u0103 \u2013 surs\u0103 natural\u0103 de probiotice<\/strong><\/a> din gama Nutrific Apiterapie<\/strong><\/a>, are rolul major de a sus\u021bine metabolismul, \u00een general, dar \u0219i activitatea hepatic\u0103 \u0219i cea a colonului, \u00een special. P\u0103stura stimuleaz\u0103 imunitatea, are propriet\u0103\u021bi antiinflamatoare, reface flora intestinal\u0103 \u0219i previne dezvoltarea microorganismelor nocive.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    ***<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n

    \u201d\u00centr-un studiu controlat al tratamentului cognitivo-comportamental la pacien\u021bii cu sindrom de intestin iritabil, opt \u0219edin\u021be de tratament de grup de dou\u0103 ore pe o perioad\u0103 de trei luni au dus la cre\u0219terea num\u0103rului de strategii cognitive \u0219i comportamentale eficiente \u0219i la reducerea concomitent\u0103 a cazurilor de durere abdominal\u0103. \u00cen plus, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea a continuat \u00een cadrul unor examin\u0103ri ulterioare de doi ani.\u201d<\/em> (C\u00e2nd corpul spune nu. Costul stresului ascuns\/Gabor Mate)<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

    ***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Con\u0219tientizarea \u0219i abordarea proactiv\u0103 a sindromului de colon iritabil sunt esen\u021biale pentru \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021birea calit\u0103\u021bii vie\u021bii<\/strong> persoanelor afectate. Prin \u00een\u021belegerea acestei tulbur\u0103ri \u0219i prin adoptarea unei strategii de management eficient, cei care se confrunt\u0103 cu sindromul de intestin iritabil pot tr\u0103i vie\u021bi active \u0219i \u00eemplinite.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Referin\u021be & recomand\u0103ri:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201dCartea nutri\u021biei optime\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 Patrick Holford<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201dC\u00e2nd corpul spune nu. Costul stresului ascuns\u201d<\/strong> \u2013 Gabor Mate<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201dSindromul intestinului iritabil\u201d<\/strong> (publica\u021bia Practica Medical\u0103\/Romanian Journal of Medical Practice)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201dImportan\u021ba algoritmului de diagnostic al sindromului de intestin iritabil \u00een practica clinic\u0103\u201d<\/strong> (publica\u021bia Practica Medical\u0103\/Romanian Journal of Medical Practice)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201dSindromul de intestin iritabil \u2013 diagnostic \u0219i tratament \u00een practica medicinei de familie\u201d<\/strong> (publica\u021bia Practica Medical\u0103\/Romanian Journal of Medical Practice)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Sindromul de colon iritabil sau sindromul intestinului iritabil nu este catalogat ca o boal\u0103, ci mai degrab\u0103 este definit ca form\u0103 a unui grup de simptome care apar concomitent, simptome exprimate prin disconfort abdominal cronic sau recurent, modific\u0103ri ale tranzitului intestinal, balonare, toate petrec\u00e2ndu-se \u00een…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1564,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[73],"tags":[141,84,412,413,411,409,410,197],"class_list":["post-1559","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sanatate","tag-carbune-activ-nutrific","tag-nutrific","tag-pastura-nutrific","tag-probiotice-nutrific","tag-senna-laxativ-natural","tag-sindrom-de-colon-iritabil","tag-sindromul-intestinului-iritabil","tag-suplimente-alimentare-nutrific"],"yoast_head":"\nCe nu \u0219tiai despre sindromul de colon iritabil - 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